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Federalism vs. Centralism
Should post-transition Iran adopt a federal system with significant regional autonomy, or maintain a centralized unitary state?
Constitutional Monarchy vs. Republic
Should Iran restore a constitutional monarchy (perhaps with the Pahlavi dynasty) or establish a new republic?
Strict Secularism vs. Religious Accommodation
Should the new Iran adopt strict French-style laïcité or a more accommodating approach to religion in public life?
Free Market vs. Social Democracy
Should Iran prioritize rapid liberalization and free markets, or adopt a Nordic-style social democratic model?
Transitional Justice Approaches
How should Iran handle accountability for the Islamic Republic era - truth commissions, prosecutions, or amnesty?